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A wide variety of species exists on Earth - AQA - GCSE Biology - Question 9 - 2023 - Paper 2
Question 9
A wide variety of species exists on Earth. Most scientists accept Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection as the explanation for this variety of species. ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:A wide variety of species exists on Earth - AQA - GCSE Biology - Question 9 - 2023 - Paper 2
Step 1
fossil evidence
Answer
Fossil evidence has been crucial in developing our understanding of evolution. Fossils show evidence of life in the past, which provides a historical record of species that have existed. These remains can illustrate how species have changed over time and can indicate the development of different species across various geological periods. Moreover, fossils can demonstrate patterns of extinction, highlighting how certain species no longer exist while others prevail.
Furthermore, gaps in the fossil record have sparked significant scientific inquiries, leading to new discoveries and advances in our understanding of evolutionary processes. As new fossils are discovered, our comprehension of how organisms from the past relate to modern species becomes clearer, thereby contributing to our knowledge of biodiversity today.
Step 2
increased understanding of the mechanisms of genetics
Answer
The field of genetics has greatly enhanced our understanding of evolution by explaining how traits are inherited and how variation occurs within species. Mendel’s experiments with plants laid the groundwork for our understanding of alleles and inheritance, demonstrating the principles of dominant and recessive traits.
Moreover, insights into DNA structure and function have elucidated how genetic changes occur, influencing evolutionary processes. Variations within a species, often a result of mutation or genetic recombination, can produce individuals with advantageous traits that are more likely to survive and reproduce. This understanding helps us explain the mechanisms driving natural selection and how favorable characteristics are passed down, shaping the evolution of species over time.