An aluminum atom is represented as:
$$^{27}_{13}Al$$
Give the number of electrons and neutrons in the aluminium atom - AQA - GCSE Chemistry Combined Science - Question 1 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 1
An aluminum atom is represented as:
$$^{27}_{13}Al$$
Give the number of electrons and neutrons in the aluminium atom.
Number of electrons _____
Number of neutron... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:An aluminum atom is represented as:
$$^{27}_{13}Al$$
Give the number of electrons and neutrons in the aluminium atom - AQA - GCSE Chemistry Combined Science - Question 1 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
Give the number of electrons and neutrons in the aluminium atom.
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Answer
Aluminium has an atomic number of 13, which indicates that it has 13 electrons. To find the number of neutrons, we use the formula:
Number of neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number = 27 - 13 = 14.
Thus, the answers are:
Number of electrons: 13
Number of neutrons: 14
Step 2
What is meant by the term reduction?
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Answer
Reduction refers to the process where an atom or ion gains electrons. In the context of aluminium oxide, it means that aluminium ions (Al³⁺) gain electrons to form aluminium metal.
Step 3
Explain why the positive carbon electrodes must be continually replaced.
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Answer
At high temperatures, oxygen reacts with the carbon in the positive electrode, leading to the combustion of the electrode material. The reaction produces carbon dioxide:
ightarrow CO_2$$
As a result, the electrodes gradually burn away and need to be replaced to maintain the electrolysis process.
Step 4
What are the free moving, charged particles in a:
• carbon electrode (made from graphite)
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Answer
In a carbon electrode made from graphite, the free moving, charged particles are delocalised electrons.
Step 5
What are the free moving, charged particles in a:
• molten mixture of aluminium oxide and cryolite
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Answer
In the molten mixture of aluminium oxide and cryolite, the free moving, charged particles are ions.
Step 6
What are the free moving, charged particles in a:
• metal wire?
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Answer
In a metal wire, the free moving, charged particles are again delocalised electrons.
