This question is about the halogens - AQA - GCSE Chemistry Combined Science - Question 4 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 4
This question is about the halogens.
04.1 Write the state symbol for chlorine at room temperature.
Cl₂ ( _____ )
{1 mark}
04.2 Figure 4 represents one molecule o... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:This question is about the halogens - AQA - GCSE Chemistry Combined Science - Question 4 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
04.1 Write the state symbol for chlorine at room temperature.
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Answer
The state symbol for chlorine at room temperature is 'g' (gas).
Step 2
04.2 Complete the dot and cross diagram on Figure 4.
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Answer
In the dot and cross diagram for a fluorine molecule (F₂), each fluorine atom should have 6 electrons in its outer shell, with one shared pair of electrons between the two circles representing the two fluorine atoms.
Step 3
04.3 What is the total number of electrons in a fluorine molecule (F₂)?
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Answer
The total number of electrons in a fluorine molecule (F₂) is 18.
Step 4
04.4 Complete the balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
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Answer
The balanced chemical equation is:
[ 2 Al + 3 Br_2 \rightarrow 2 AlBr_3 ]
Step 5
04.5 Explain why chlorine is more reactive than bromine.
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Answer
Chlorine is more reactive than bromine because:
Chlorine is a smaller atom with fewer energy levels compared to bromine, which brings the outer electrons closer to the nucleus.
This results in chlorine having a stronger attraction between the nucleus and the outer shell electrons.
Additionally, chlorine can gain an electron more easily as it has a higher electron affinity due to its smaller atomic size and the effective nuclear charge acting on its outer shell.
