Suggest a suitable temperature for the furnace in Figure 1 - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 2
Question 1
Suggest a suitable temperature for the furnace in Figure 1.
________ °C
0 1 . 2
Explain why diesel oil collects above heavy fuel oil but below kerosene in the fra... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Suggest a suitable temperature for the furnace in Figure 1 - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 2
Step 1
Suggest a suitable temperature for the furnace in Figure 1.
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Answer
A suitable temperature for the furnace is between 400°C and 500°C as this range is effective for the distillation of crude oil.
Step 2
Explain why diesel oil collects above heavy fuel oil but below kerosene in the fractionating column.
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Answer
Diesel oil has a lower boiling point than heavy fuel oil, which allows it to vaporize and collect above it. Conversely, it has a higher boiling point than kerosene, preventing it from rising further in the column.
Step 3
Suggest two reasons why bitumen is not used as a fuel.
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Answer
Bitumen is too viscous, making it difficult to flow and ignite.
It is not very flammable, which limits its effectiveness as a fuel.
Step 4
Which of the following compounds is an alkane?
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Answer
C₄H₁₈ is the alkane as it follows the general formula CₙH₂ₙ₊₂.
Step 5
Describe the conditions needed to crack hydrocarbon molecules from the diesel oil fraction.
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Answer
Cracking requires high temperature, usually above 320°C, and may involve steam or a catalyst to facilitate the breaking of larger hydrocarbon molecules.
Step 6
Explain why large hydrocarbon molecules in the diesel oil fraction are cracked to produce smaller hydrocarbon molecules.
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Answer
Cracking is performed to produce smaller hydrocarbon molecules because they are more useful for fuel applications, offering greater efficiency and higher demand for smaller alkanes.
Step 7
Complete the equation for the cracking of C₁₅H₃₂.
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