This question is about elements and the periodic table - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2016 - Paper 3
Question 3
This question is about elements and the periodic table.
3 (a)
Newlands and Mendeleev both produced early versions of the periodic table.
3 (a) (i) Complete the sen... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:This question is about elements and the periodic table - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2016 - Paper 3
Step 1
Complete the sentence.
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Answer
In their periodic tables, Newlands and Mendeleev arranged the elements in order of atomic weights.
Step 2
Name the particle that allowed the elements to be arranged in order of their atomic number in the modern periodic table.
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Answer
Proton.
Step 3
Which one of the nine elements shown in Figure 4 has the lowest boiling point?
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Answer
F (Fluorine).
Step 4
Copper and potassium have different melting points and boiling points. Give one other difference between the properties of copper and potassium.
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Answer
Copper has a higher density than potassium.
Step 5
Explain why the reactivity of the elements increases going down Group 1 from lithium to rubidium but decreases going down Group 7 from fluorine to iodine.
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Answer
The reactivity of Group 1 elements increases down the group due to the greater relative distance of the outer electron from the nucleus, leading to weaker attraction between the nucleus and the outer electron. This allows the outer electron to be lost more easily. In contrast, the reactivity of Group 7 elements decreases down the group because the larger atomic size leads to a reduced effective nuclear charge on the outer electrons and increased shielding, making it more difficult to gain the additional electron needed to complete their outer shell.
