This question is about metals and non-metals - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 1 - 2022 - Paper 1
Question 1
This question is about metals and non-metals.
Figure 1 shows an outline of part of the periodic table.
Figure 1
Element Q is a dull solid with a melting point of ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:This question is about metals and non-metals - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 1 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
Element Q does not conduct electricity.
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Answer
The section of the periodic table most likely to contain element Q is D, which corresponds to non-metals. Non-metals are typically dull solids and are poor conductors of electricity.
Step 2
Which section of the periodic table in Figure 1 is most likely to contain element R?
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Answer
The section of the periodic table most likely to contain element R is B, as it corresponds to the transition metals that are capable of forming multiple oxidation states.
Step 3
Give two differences between the physical properties of the elements in Group 1 and those of the transition elements.
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Answer
The elements in Group 1 typically have lower melting and boiling points compared to transition elements, which generally have higher melting points due to stronger metallic bonding.
Elements in Group 1 have lower densities and are softer than transition elements, which tend to be more dense and harder.
Step 4
Complete Figure 2 to show the electronic structure of an aluminium atom.
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Answer
The electronic structure of an aluminium atom (Al) can be illustrated as follows: It has 13 electrons, which can be arranged as 2 electrons in the first shell, 8 electrons in the second shell, and 3 electrons in the outer shell (3, 8, 2).
Step 5
Describe how metals conduct electricity.
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Metals conduct electricity through the movement of delocalised electrons. These electrons are free to move throughout the metal, allowing them to carry an electrical charge.
Step 6
Name the type of bonding in compounds formed between metals and non-metals.
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Answer
The type of bonding in compounds formed between metals and non-metals is ionic bonding. This occurs due to the transfer of electrons from metal atoms to non-metal atoms.
Step 7
Describe what happens when a magnesium atom reacts with an oxygen atom.
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When a magnesium atom reacts with an oxygen atom, the magnesium atom loses two electrons to form Mg²⁺ ions, while the oxygen atom gains these two electrons to form O²⁻ ions. This transfer of electrons results in the formation of magnesium oxide, with both ions achieving a complete outer shell.
