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This question is about the development of scientific theories - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 5
This question is about the development of scientific theories. Figure 2 shows a timeline of some important steps in the development of the model of the atom. 1890 ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:This question is about the development of scientific theories - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
The plum pudding model did not have a nucleus.
Answer
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Structure: The nuclear model suggests that an atom consists of a small, dense nucleus surrounded by electrons in specific orbits. In contrast, the plum pudding model depicts the atom as a uniform sphere of positively charged matter embedded with negatively charged electrons, with no distinct nucleus.
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Charge Distribution: In the nuclear model, the positive charge is concentrated in the nucleus, while in the plum pudding model, positive charge is spread throughout the entire atom as a 'pudding'.
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Electron Arrangement: The nuclear model has electrons orbiting the nucleus at various energy levels or distances, whereas in the plum pudding model, the electrons are embedded within the positive charge, suggesting they do not occupy defined orbits.
Step 2
Describe the change that Bohr made to the nuclear model.
Answer
Niels Bohr introduced the concept that electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances or energy levels, which quantizes their positions and energy states. This change allowed for a clearer understanding of electron behavior compared to the previous models.