In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev produced his periodic table of the elements. Mendeleev placed the alkali metals in the same group. 3 (a) What evidence did Mendeleev use to decide that the alkali metals should be in the same group? 3 (b) Describe how the elements in the modern periodic table are arranged: 3 (b) (i) in terms of protons. 3 (b) (ii) in terms of electrons. 3 (c) State two properties of transition elements that make them more useful than alkali metals for making water pipes. 3 (d) Describe and explain the trend in reactivity of the alkali metals (Group 1).

GCSE AQA Chemistry The Periodic Table: In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev produc

In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev produced his periodic table of the elements - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2014 - Paper 3

Question 3

In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev produced his periodic table of the elements. Mendeleev placed the alkali metals in the same group. 3 (a) What evidence did Mendeleev use ... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev produced his periodic table of the elements - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2014 - Paper 3

Step 1

What evidence did Mendeleev use to decide that the alkali metals should be in the same group?

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Answer

Mendeleev placed alkali metals in the same group based on their similar chemical properties. These metals all react vigorously with water to produce hydrogen gas and hydroxides, showcasing a common reactivity pattern.

Step 2

Describe how the elements in the modern periodic table are arranged: in terms of protons.

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Answer

The elements in the modern periodic table are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, which corresponds to the number of protons in each atom’s nucleus.

Step 3

Describe how the elements in the modern periodic table are arranged: in terms of electrons.

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Answer

Elements in the same group of the periodic table have the same number of electrons in their outer shell, indicating their similar chemical behavior.

Step 4

State two properties of transition elements that make them more useful than alkali metals for making water pipes.

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Answer

Transition elements tend to be stronger and harder than alkali metals, making them more durable for long-term use.
They generally have higher melting points, ensuring they remain solid under various temperature conditions.

Step 5

Describe and explain the trend in reactivity of the alkali metals (Group 1).

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Answer

The reactivity of alkali metals increases down the group. This trend is due to the outer electron being further from the nucleus, experiencing greater shielding from inner electrons. As a result, the outer electron is lost more easily during chemical reactions, leading to increased reactivity.

In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev produced his periodic table of the elements - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2014 - Paper 3

Worked Solution & Example Answer:In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev produced his periodic table of the elements - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2014 - Paper 3

What evidence did Mendeleev use to decide that the alkali metals should be in the same group?

Describe how the elements in the modern periodic table are arranged: in terms of protons.

Describe how the elements in the modern periodic table are arranged: in terms of electrons.

State two properties of transition elements that make them more useful than alkali metals for making water pipes.

Describe and explain the trend in reactivity of the alkali metals (Group 1).

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