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Read the following extract from Act 2 Scene 2 of Macbeth and then answer the question that follows - AQA - GCSE English Literature - Question 1 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 1
Read the following extract from Act 2 Scene 2 of Macbeth and then answer the question that follows. At this point in the play, Macbeth has murdered Duncan and has r... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Read the following extract from Act 2 Scene 2 of Macbeth and then answer the question that follows - AQA - GCSE English Literature - Question 1 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
how Shakespeare presents their relationship in this extract
Answer
In this extract, Shakespeare illustrates the complex dynamics of the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, particularly in the wake of Duncan's murder. Macbeth exhibits signs of deep anxiety and guilt after committing the heinous act, as evidenced by his words, 'Methought I heard a voice cry, 'Sleep no more'.' His profound disturbance highlights his inner conflict and the psychological burden of his actions.
Lady Macbeth, in contrast, appears more composed and pragmatic. She quickly takes charge of the situation, urging Macbeth to regain his composure and wash the blood from his hands. Her line, 'Go get some water, and wash this filthy witness from your hand' demonstrates her determination to control the narrative and the situation, indicating her strength in the moment. This moment accentuates the power dynamics, where she assumes the role of the strong-willed partner, guiding Macbeth through his turmoil.
However, their relationship also reveals underlying tension. As Macbeth expresses his reluctance to return to the scene of the crime ('I'll go no more'), Lady Macbeth's response implies impatience and a critical view of his cowardice, calling him 'Infirm of purpose'. This shift showcases Lady Macbeth's struggle to maintain her authority as equal and supportive, while also grappling with the implications of their actions.
Ultimately, this extract encapsulates the push-and-pull of their relationship, demonstrating Lady Macbeth's initial strength contrasting with Macbeth's growing vulnerability and guilt.
Step 2
how Shakespeare presents the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth in the play as a whole
Answer
Throughout the play, Shakespeare develops the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth into a complex exploration of ambition, guilt, and power. Initially, Lady Macbeth is portrayed as the more ruthless and ambitious character, often manipulating Macbeth into pursuing the throne. She chastises him for his hesitation and challenges his masculinity, stating, 'What beast was’t, then, that made you break this enterprise to me?'. This highlights her dominating role in their partnership.
As the play progresses, however, the psychological weight of their actions begins to erode their relationship. Macbeth becomes increasingly isolated as he moves deeper into a spiral of paranoia and tyranny, while Lady Macbeth descends into madness, haunted by guilt over their crimes. Her eventual descent into insanity symbolizes the price of their ambition and the moral consequences of their actions. The contrasting trajectories of their characters underscore a profound shift in their dynamic, reflecting how power and guilt can fracture relationships.
The tragic culmination of their respective arcs, where Macbeth becomes a tyrant and Lady Macbeth succumbs to madness and despair, illustrates the devastating impact of their ambition not only on their own psyches but also on their relationship. In the end, Shakespeare presents a haunting portrait of how ambition, guilt, and a thirst for power can corrupt and ultimately destroy even the closest of partnerships.