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Read the following extract from Act 5 Scene 1 of Macbeth and then answer the question that follows - AQA - GCSE English Literature - Question 1 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 1
Read the following extract from Act 5 Scene 1 of Macbeth and then answer the question that follows. At this point in the play, the Doctor and the Gentlewoman watch ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Read the following extract from Act 5 Scene 1 of Macbeth and then answer the question that follows - AQA - GCSE English Literature - Question 1 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
How Shakespeare presents Lady Macbeth in this extract
Answer
In this extract, Lady Macbeth is portrayed as a deeply troubled character, haunted by her past actions. Her sleepwalking symbolizes her mental deterioration and overwhelming guilt. The repetition of phrases such as "Out, damned spot!" indicates her obsession with blood and guilt from the murders she has instigated. She perceives herself as plagued by the consequences of her ambition, indicating that despite her previous strength, she is now a shadow of her former self. The mention of 'the Thane of Fife' and her questioning of where 'she' is now showcases her fragmented state of mind and the loss of control over her life. The references to cleaning her hands further signify her desire for absolution from guilt, illustrating that Lady Macbeth's guilt has become a consuming force.
Additionally, her disregard for the Doctor’s observations reveals a deep-seated fear and paranoia about their deeds, encapsulating how far she has fallen from the determined character introduced earlier in the play. She is no longer the manipulative figure but rather a broken woman, reflecting the changing perception of her character throughout the play.
Step 2
How far Shakespeare presents Lady Macbeth as a female character who changes in the play
Answer
Throughout the play, Lady Macbeth evolves significantly, embodying both strength and vulnerability. Initially, she emerges as a powerful figure, demonstrating ambition and resolve, urging Macbeth to seize the throne. However, as the narrative progresses, the weight of her actions begins to overwhelm her. By Act 5, her transformation is stark—she is not only guilt-ridden but also psychologically tormented, as exhibited in her sleepwalking scene.
This change highlights the consequences of ambition and moral reprehensibility, suggesting that her initial strength is ultimately undercut by her guilt and remorse. Her demise symbolizes the destructive power of ambition, especially for a female character who defies social norms and expectations. Therefore, Shakespeare’s portrayal of Lady Macbeth serves as a complex commentary on gender roles and the psychological impacts of ambition and guilt in human behavior.