Photo AI
Write an account of how the English Church was affected by the Normans. - AQA - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 2
Question 3
Write an account of how the English Church was affected by the Normans.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Write an account of how the English Church was affected by the Normans. - AQA - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 2
Step 1
The relationship between the King and the Church changed significantly
Answer
The relationship between the English monarchy and the Church underwent major changes after the Norman Conquest in 1066. William the Conqueror viewed the Church as a vital institution to strengthen his rule over England. He sent many English church lands to Normandy as a reward for his supporters, increasing the wealth and power of the Norman Church.
Step 2
Appointment of Bishops
Answer
The appointment of bishops became a contentious issue. William I often appointed Normans to key ecclesiastical offices, which caused resentment among the English clergy. Moreover, this led to tensions with the papacy, as both the King and the Pope sought control over the appointments. For instance, when Lanfranc, the Archbishop of Canterbury, died in 1089, William I did not replace him, highlighting his desire to maintain ecclesiastical wealth.
Step 3
The Investiture Controversy
Answer
After the initial period of consolidation, there were disputes over the investiture of bishops. The Church was expected to serve the interests of the monarchy, and in return, bishops had to navigate between secular demands and their spiritual responsibilities. This tension culminated in events like the excommunication of King William due to his actions against the Pope, reflecting the Church's struggle for autonomy.
Step 4
Reforms of the Church
Answer
Throughout the Norman period, the English Church experienced several reforms. There was a push to eliminate simony and nepotism within Church ranks, adhering to papal decrees aimed at moral reform. These reforms increased the Church's influence and established a stronger link between the English Church and Rome.