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Which interpretation gives the more convincing opinion about the defeat of the Plains Indians? Explain your answer based on your contextual knowledge and what it says in Interpretations A and B. - AQA - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 1
Question 3
Which interpretation gives the more convincing opinion about the defeat of the Plains Indians? Explain your answer based on your contextual knowledge and what it sa... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Which interpretation gives the more convincing opinion about the defeat of the Plains Indians? Explain your answer based on your contextual knowledge and what it says in Interpretations A and B. - AQA - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 1
Step 1
Interpretation A: Railway Influence
Answer
Interpretation A presents a strong argument by linking the defeat of the Plains Indians to the role of the railroad in facilitating westward expansion. The completion of the East-West railroad enabled white settlers to move into Indian territories more rapidly. This infrastructural development provided support to the U.S. military operations against the Indians, as it allowed for easier transport of troops and supplies, enhancing military efficiency. Additionally, the railroad disrupted traditional hunting patterns, particularly for the buffalo, which was crucial for the indigenous way of life.
Step 2
Interpretation B: Buffalo Hunters and Military Superiority
Answer
Interpretation B suggests an equally convincing dimension by emphasizing the impact of buffalo hunters on the Plains Indians. The argument posits that the depletion of buffalo populations, driven by hunters, undermined the Indians’ nomadic lifestyle and food sources. This aspect adds a layer of complexity by relating economic pressures to military defeat. However, it somewhat overlooks the military's strategic advantages in overwhelming the Indians, specifically their manpower and superior weaponry.
Step 3
Evaluation of Both Interpretations
Answer
In evaluating both interpretations, Interpretation A emerges as the more compelling argument. While Interpretation B outlines significant contextual pressures, Interpretation A effectively ties these pressures to the broader historical context of U.S. military and governmental objectives in subduing the Plains Indians. The multifaceted impact of the railroad on both settler movements and military logistics creates a stronger narrative about the defeat of the Plains Indians. Therefore, when synthesizing both interpretations with contextual knowledge, Interpretation A is more adequately supported by historical events.