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Write an account of how conflict with the Dutch affected Restoration England. - AQA - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 3
Write an account of how conflict with the Dutch affected Restoration England.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Write an account of how conflict with the Dutch affected Restoration England. - AQA - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
Conflict with the Dutch and Government Actions
Answer
The conflict with the Dutch significantly impacted the Restoration government led by Charles II. Initially, the English government considered increasing its naval capabilities to address dissatisfaction with the Dutch, leading to the allocation of £100,000 in 1667 to strengthen the navy. This investment was essential as it allowed England to enhance its military presence in the region, reflecting a broader strategy to control trade routes and protect its interests.
Step 2
Economic Disruption and Naval Engagements
Answer
The Dutch were adept at using their naval superiority, which caused considerable economic disruption. For instance, during conflicts such as the Second Anglo-Dutch War, Dutch ships interfered with the transportation of goods, which was critical for England’s economic recovery after the Great Fire. Consequently, the naval engagements prompted reforms in the English naval strategy, including adopting new tactics like 'line ahead' operations.
Step 3
Impact on Politics and Parliamentary Relations
Answer
Conflicts with the Dutch also affected the political dynamics in England. The dissatisfaction with the naval engagements led to increased parliamentary scrutiny of the king's decisions and expenditures. This development prompted Charles II to engage more with Parliament, aiming to secure funding and support for ongoing military efforts, thus reshaping the relationship between the monarchy and Parliament during this period.
Step 4
Consequences for Naval Power
Answer
Finally, the conflicts highlighted the weaknesses of the English navy during the early stages, leading to major reforms. For example, the Royal Navy's failures, such as the embarrassment at the Medway in 1667, underscored the need for improvement. This prompted a long-term commitment to enhance naval strategy and effectiveness, ultimately influencing England's rise as a significant maritime power.