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Write an account of the Exclusion Crisis. - AQA - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 3
Write an account of the Exclusion Crisis.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Write an account of the Exclusion Crisis. - AQA - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
Introduction to the Exclusion Crisis
Answer
The Exclusion Crisis, which spanned from 1679 to 1681, revolved around the political efforts to exclude James, Duke of York, from the line of succession to the English throne. This was primarily due to his Catholic faith, which raised concerns among the predominantly Protestant Parliament and public about the potential for a Catholic monarchy.
Step 2
The Role of Parliament and Political Factions
Answer
During this period, Parliament played a critical role, attempting to assert its influence against the monarchy. The crisis saw the emergence of two major political factions: the Whigs, who supported the exclusion of James, and the Tories, who opposed it. The contention stemmed from the desire to determine the rightful succession without a Catholic at the helm.
Step 3
Key Events and Legislative Actions
Answer
In 1679, the Whigs succeeded in passing an Exclusion Bill, but it faced significant pushback. The political atmosphere was charged; the issue not only challenged the authority of the monarchy but also highlighted the deep-seated divisions within Parliament and society. The Oxford Parliament in 1681 ultimately dissolved under pressure, exemplifying the tensions that defined the period.
Step 4
Consequences and Impact
Answer
The Exclusion Crisis had lasting implications. It marked a pivotal moment in the struggle between Presidential authority and parliamentary power, setting the stage for future conflicts. After the failure of the exclusion attempts, the crisis contributed to the eventual ascension of the Protestant William of Orange, influencing the trajectory of English politics for years to come.