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Blood doping is a prohibited method that can be used to improve the performance of a marathon runner - AQA - GCSE Physical Education - Question 15 - 2023 - Paper 2
Question 15
Blood doping is a prohibited method that can be used to improve the performance of a marathon runner. Evaluate the effects that different performance enhancing drug... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Blood doping is a prohibited method that can be used to improve the performance of a marathon runner - AQA - GCSE Physical Education - Question 15 - 2023 - Paper 2
Step 1
Evaluate the effects of Stimulants on a marathon runner’s performance
Answer
Stimulants can make a marathon runner feel more alert by affecting the brain and central nervous system. This heightened state of awareness could provide a slight advantage at the start of a race, allowing the runner to establish a good position quickly. However, since marathon running is an endurance sport, the benefits of stimulants may not significantly enhance performance over the long distance.
Step 2
Evaluate the effects of Narcotic analgesics on a marathon runner’s performance
Answer
Narcotic analgesics may mask pain, enabling a marathon runner to push through injury or fatigue. This can be beneficial during recovery; however, masking pain may lead to worsened injuries in the long run, as the runner is unaware of the body's signals for rest. Therefore, while they may provide temporary relief, they could be detrimental to overall performance.
Step 3
Evaluate the effects of Peptide hormones (EPO) on a marathon runner’s performance
Answer
Peptide hormones like EPO can increase the body’s red blood cell production, which is vital for oxygen transport. This improved oxygen delivery enhances endurance, allowing marathon runners to perform at higher intensities for more extended periods. Therefore, EPO could lead to a significant performance boost in marathon running.
Step 4
Evaluate the effects of Diuretics on a marathon runner’s performance
Answer
Diuretics help remove excess water from the body, which may aid in weight loss. In certain cases, runners may perceive a lighter physique as advantageous for speed. However, excessive fluid loss can lead to dehydration, negatively impacting stamina and overall performance during endurance events like marathons.
Step 5
Evaluate the effects of Beta blockers on a marathon runner’s performance
Answer
Beta blockers reduce the effects of adrenaline, potentially lowering heart rate and reducing pressure during a race. While this may have calming effects for some athletes, in the context of marathon running, a lower heart rate might hinder performance by limiting aerobic capacity and overall speed when endurance is crucial.