Hailstones are small balls of ice - AQA - GCSE Physics - Question 2 - 2022 - Paper 1
Question 2
Hailstones are small balls of ice. Hailstones form in clouds and fall to the ground.
Figure 3 shows different-sized hailstones.
Which force causes the hailstones to... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Hailstones are small balls of ice - AQA - GCSE Physics - Question 2 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
Which force causes the hailstones to fall to the ground?
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Answer
The force that causes hailstones to fall to the ground is the gravitational force. This force acts on all objects with mass, pulling them towards the Earth.
Step 2
Which force increases as the hailstones accelerate?
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Answer
As hailstones accelerate, the force that increases is air resistance. This force opposes the motion of the hailstones as they fall.
Step 3
Which of the following statements is true at terminal velocity?
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Answer
At terminal velocity, the resultant force on the hailstones is zero. This occurs when the force of gravity is balanced by the force of air resistance.
Step 4
Estimate the terminal velocity for a hailstone with a diameter of 80 mm.
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Answer
To estimate the terminal velocity for a hailstone with a diameter of 80 mm, we can use the graph in Figure 4. By locating the diameter on the x-axis and finding the corresponding value on the y-axis, we determine that the terminal velocity is approximately 37 m/s.
Step 5
Give one reason why a hailstone with a large diameter has a greater terminal velocity than a hailstone with a smaller diameter.
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Answer
A hailstone with a large diameter has a greater terminal velocity because it has a greater weight. This increased weight results in a greater force of gravity, which allows it to overcome air resistance more effectively.
Step 6
What is the magnitude of the resultant force on the hailstone in Figure 5?
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Answer
The magnitude of the resultant force on the hailstone in Figure 5 is 0.48 N. This is calculated by subtracting the upward force from the downward force.
Step 7
What is the direction of the resultant force on the hailstone in Figure 5?
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Answer
The direction of the resultant force on the hailstone in Figure 5 is upwards. This indicates that the upward force exceeds the downward force.
