In 1929, the astronomer Edwin Hubble observed that the light from galaxies moving away from the Earth had longer wavelengths than expected - AQA - GCSE Physics - Question 2 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 2
In 1929, the astronomer Edwin Hubble observed that the light from galaxies moving away from the Earth had longer wavelengths than expected.
What name is given to th... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:In 1929, the astronomer Edwin Hubble observed that the light from galaxies moving away from the Earth had longer wavelengths than expected - AQA - GCSE Physics - Question 2 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
What name is given to this effect?
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Answer
The effect observed by Hubble is known as redshift.
Step 2
What relationship between the speed of a galaxy and the distance is suggested by Hubble's results?
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Answer
Hubble's results suggest that the further away from the Earth a galaxy is moving, the faster it is moving away.
Step 3
Give one strength and one weakness of this model in representing the idea of an expanding Universe.
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Answer
Strength: As the balloon expands, the dots get further apart, representing how galaxies move apart in an expanding Universe.
Weakness: The dots are only located on the surface of the balloon, while galaxies are distributed throughout the universe, or there is a limit to how far the balloon can expand.
Step 4
In what way do the observations made by Hubble support both Theory 1 and Theory 2?
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Answer
Both theories suggest that the Universe is expanding.
Step 5
Suggest what is likely to have caused scientists to start thinking Theory 1 is wrong.
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Answer
New evidence or observations, such as the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR), show inconsistencies with Theory 1.
