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4. Methods of contraception include use of hormones and barrier methods - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 4 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 4
4. Methods of contraception include use of hormones and barrier methods. (a) (i) Which form of contraception is a barrier method? A oral contraception B f... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:4. Methods of contraception include use of hormones and barrier methods - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 4 - 2021 - Paper 1
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Explain how high levels of oestrogen and progesterone in the combined contraceptive pill work together to prevent pregnancy.
Answer
High levels of oestrogen inhibit the production of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), which is essential for egg maturation. Without FSH, no eggs will mature. Concurrently, high levels of progesterone inhibit Luteinising Hormone (LH), preventing ovulation. If eggs are not matured and released, they cannot be fertilized, thus preventing pregnancy.
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clomiphene therapy
Answer
Clomiphene therapy works by blocking oestrogen receptors at the hypothalamus, which leads to an increase in the release of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH). This stimulates the pituitary gland to produce more FSH and LH, promoting egg development and ovulation.
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IVF
Answer
In vitro fertilization (IVF) involves stimulating the ovaries with hormonal injections to produce multiple eggs, which are then retrieved, fertilized with sperm in a laboratory setting, and the resulting embryos are transferred back to the uterus. This method bypasses many fertility issues and increases the chances of conception.