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Figure 8 shows two potato chips - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 6 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 6
Figure 8 shows two potato chips. Figure 9 shows some information about each potato chip. **(i)** Calculate the total surface area of potato chip B using the formul... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 8 shows two potato chips - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 6 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
(i) Calculate the total surface area of potato chip B using the formula
Answer
To calculate the total surface area of potato chip B, we will use the formula:
Given:
- Length of chip B (X) = 2.0 cm
- Width of chip B (Y) = 2.0 cm
- Height of chip B (Z) = 5.0 cm
Substituting the values into the formula:
Calculating each part:
- First part: cm²
- Second part: cm²
- Third part: cm²
Adding them up:
Thus, the total surface area of potato chip B is 48.0 cm².
Step 2
(ii) Explain why potato chip B has a greater increase in mass than potato chip A.
Answer
Potato chip B has a greater increase in mass because it has a larger surface area compared to potato chip A. A larger surface area allows for more water to be absorbed. Since water moves into the potato chip, the increase in mass is attributed to the greater amount of water absorbed into chip B due to its larger surface area and number of cells.
Step 3
(iii) Explain what will happen to the cells in potato chip A.
Answer
When potato chip A is transferred from distilled water to a concentrated salt solution, the cells will lose water. This is due to the process of osmosis, where water moves from an area of high concentration (inside the cells) to an area of low concentration (the salt solution) through a semi-permeable membrane. As a result, the cells will shrink and may become plasmolysed, causing the potato chip to lose mass.
Step 4
(b) Explain how selective breeding of the two varieties of potato plants can produce new potato plants that are all faster growing and produce many, large potatoes.
Answer
To produce new varieties of potato plants that are faster growing and produce many large potatoes through selective breeding, the following steps can be taken:
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Select Varieties: Choose variety A, which produces large potatoes, and variety B, which is faster growing and produces many potatoes.
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Crossbreeding: Cross-pollinate flowers from variety A with those from variety B.
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Grow Plants: Grow the resulting plants and select the offspring that exhibit the desired characteristics of being faster growing and producing many large potatoes.
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Repeat Process: Continue this process over multiple generations to ensure that the desired traits become more pronounced in the resulting potato plants. By selectively breeding these two varieties repeatedly, the outcome will be a new type of potato plant with preferred growth and yield traits.