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Describe the trend in cases between 2000 and 2010 - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 4
Describe the trend in cases between 2000 and 2010. People infected with Chlamydia are more likely to be infected with the STI Gonorrhoea. Explain how people become... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Describe the trend in cases between 2000 and 2010 - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe the trend in cases between 2000 and 2010.
Answer
The trend in cases of STIs between 2000 and 2010 shows a general increase in reported cases. Many factors contributed to this rise, including greater awareness and testing among the population, leading to higher diagnosis rates. This upward trend highlights the importance of sexual health education and preventive measures.
Step 2
Explain how people become infected with both Chlamydia and Gonorrhoea.
Answer
People become infected with both Chlamydia and Gonorrhoea primarily through unprotected sexual contact with an infected partner. Since these STIs often co-occur, an individual with Chlamydia is at a higher risk for also being infected with Gonorrhoea due to the similar transmission routes. Additionally, shared risk factors such as multiple sexual partners and inconsistent use of protection contribute to the dual infection.
Step 3
Explain how infection with HIV can lead to AIDS.
Answer
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) attacks the body's immune system by targeting CD4 cells, which play a critical role in fighting infections. Over time, if untreated, HIV reduces the number of these cells, weakening the immune system. When the CD4 cell count falls below a certain threshold, or if specific opportunistic infections occur, the condition is classified as AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). This progression underlines the importance of early detection and ongoing treatment to prevent the transition from HIV to AIDS.