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Describe the trend in cases between 2000 and 2010 - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 4
Describe the trend in cases between 2000 and 2010. People infected with Chlamydia are more likely to be infected with the STI Gonorrhoea. (iii) Explain how people b... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Describe the trend in cases between 2000 and 2010 - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe the trend in cases between 2000 and 2010.
Answer
Between 2000 and 2010, the trend in cases of sexually transmitted infections saw a significant increase. Initially, the number of reported cases was relatively low in 2000, but gradually, there was a marked rise in infections over the decade. This increase can be attributed to various factors such as changes in sexual behavior, increased testing and reporting, and greater awareness of STIs.
Step 2
Explain how people become infected with both Chlamydia and Gonorrhoea.
Answer
Individuals often become infected with both Chlamydia and Gonorrhoea due to unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected partner. The two STIs are commonly found together, meaning someone diagnosed with Chlamydia may also be at risk for Gonorrhoea. The lack of symptoms often leads to undetected infections, allowing for continued transmission.
Step 3
Explain how infection with HIV can lead to AIDS.
Answer
Infection with HIV can lead to AIDS through a progressive weakening of the immune system. HIV attacks the helper T cells (CD4 cells), which are critical for immune response. As these cells are destroyed, the body becomes less able to fight off infections and diseases. Eventually, when the CD4 cell count falls below a certain threshold, and the individual develops opportunistic infections or certain cancers, the diagnosis of AIDS is made.