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Figure 3 shows a diagram of the circulatory system of a fish - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 3 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 3
Figure 3 shows a diagram of the circulatory system of a fish. gill capillaries ventricle atrium other capillaries Figure 3 (c) Compare the differences between ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 3 shows a diagram of the circulatory system of a fish - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 3 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
Compare the differences between the structure of the circulatory system of a fish and the human circulatory system.
Answer
The circulatory system of a fish is typically characterized by a single circulatory loop, consisting of a heart with two chambers: an atrium and a ventricle. Blood is pumped from the heart to the gills for oxygenation and then directly to the body without returning to the heart in between.
In contrast, the human circulatory system is more complex, featuring a double circulatory loop. This consists of a heart with four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. Blood is pumped from the right side of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation before returning to the left side of the heart, which then pumps it to the rest of the body.
Additionally, fish utilize gill capillaries for gas exchange, while humans have lungs that facilitate this process through alveolar capillaries. This represents a significant structural difference, reflecting the adaptation of each organism to their respective environments.