Figure 17 shows the number of people diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the UK during 2017 - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 9 - 2022 - Paper 1
Question 9
Figure 17 shows the number of people diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the UK during 2017.
| sexually transmitted infection (STI) | number ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 17 shows the number of people diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the UK during 2017 - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 9 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
State the sexually transmitted infection that has the median number of people diagnosed.
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Answer
The sexually transmitted infection with the median number of people diagnosed is genital warts, as it has a value of 1.1 per 1000 of the population.
Step 2
Calculate the total number diagnosed with chlamydia in the UK in 2017.
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Answer
To find the total number of diagnosed cases of chlamydia in 2017, we use the formula:
ext{Total cases} = rac{3.7}{1000} imes 66,000,000 = 244,200 ext{ people diagnosed with chlamydia.}
Step 3
State why chlamydia can be described as a communicable disease.
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Chlamydia can be described as a communicable disease because it is spread from one person to another through sexual contact, making it transmissible.
Step 4
Give one way the transmission of chlamydia can be prevented.
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Answer
One way to prevent the transmission of chlamydia is by using condoms during sexual activity.
Step 5
Explain why chlamydia can be treated with antibiotics.
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Chlamydia can be treated with antibiotics because it is caused by a bacterial infection. Antibiotics are effective in targeting and killing bacteria, thus eliminating the infection.
Step 6
Explain how the immune system will respond to an infection caused by bacteria.
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When a person is infected by bacteria, the immune system initiates a response as follows:
Recognition of Antigens: Antigens present on the bacterial cells are detected by white blood cells (WBCs).
Increase in White Blood Cells: The body increases the production of white blood cells, especially lymphocytes, that are crucial for fighting infections.
Production of Antibodies: These lymphocytes produce specific antibodies that bind to the bacteria, neutralizing them and marking them for destruction.
Phagocytosis: Certain white blood cells (like phagocytes) engulf and digest the bacteria.
Memory Cells: After the infection is cleared, some lymphocytes become memory cells. These remain in the body and allow for a faster response if the same bacteria infects the body again in the future.
