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2 (a) (i) Complete the sentence by putting a cross (✗) in the box next to your answer - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 2 - 2013 - Paper 1
Question 2
2 (a) (i) Complete the sentence by putting a cross (✗) in the box next to your answer. People who smoke tobacco are most likely to die from A chronic bronchiti... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:2 (a) (i) Complete the sentence by putting a cross (✗) in the box next to your answer - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 2 - 2013 - Paper 1
Step 1
Step 2
Calculate how many of these people died from chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Answer
The pie chart indicates that 20% of the people died from chronic bronchitis and emphysema. To find the number of individuals:
Number of people = 5000 * 0.20 = 1000
Thus, 1000 people died from chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Step 3
Explain how smoking tobacco can cause cancer.
Answer
Smoking tobacco can lead to cancer through the following mechanisms:
- Tobacco contains tar, which is a harmful substance.
- Tar is a known carcinogen, meaning it can cause cancer.
- The carcinogenic effects of tar can lead to mutations in DNA, increasing the risk of cancer development.
Step 5
Describe the effect caffeine can have on the human body.
Answer
Caffeine affects the human body in several ways:
- It stimulates the central nervous system, leading to increased alertness and reduced fatigue.
- It can enhance physical performance by mobilizing fatty acids from fat tissues, which can be used for energy during exercise.