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The diagram shows a human heart - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 5 - 2012 - Paper 1
Question 5
The diagram shows a human heart. (a) (i) Draw an arrow onto the diagram to show where oxygenated blood enters the heart. (ii) Suggest how the blood flowing through... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram shows a human heart - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 5 - 2012 - Paper 1
Step 1
Step 2
Suggest how the blood flowing through the pulmonary artery would be different from the blood flowing through the aorta.
Answer
The blood in the pulmonary artery is deoxygenated, meaning it carries less oxygen compared to the oxygenated blood in the aorta. Additionally, the blood pressure in the pulmonary artery is lower than that in the aorta.
Step 3
Describe the role of the valve labelled on the diagram.
Answer
The valve labelled on the diagram ensures unidirectional blood flow, preventing the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during heart contractions. This is crucial for maintaining efficient circulation and effective heart function.
Step 4
Step 5
Explain the effects that a reduced cardiac output would have on the muscle cells of an athlete.
Answer
Reduced cardiac output limits the amount of oxygenated blood reaching the muscle cells, which can lead to fatigue and decreased performance during physical activities. The muscles may not receive adequate nutrients and oxygen, impairing aerobic respiration and resulting in an accumulation of lactic acid. Consequently, this affects an athlete's endurance and overall physical capabilities.