Figure 8 (i) Which row of the table shows the functions of structure A and structure B? | function of structure A | function of structure B | |------------------------|------------------------| | A | releases energy | contains the genetic material | | B | produces glucose | contains digestive enzymes | | C | releases energy | contains digestive enzymes | | D | produces glucose | contains the genetic material | (ii) Which is the correct order for the stages of one cell division? A | metaphase → prophase → anaphase → telophase B | prophase → metaphase → anaphase → telophase C | anaphase → prophase → metaphase → telophase D | prophase → anaphase → metaphase → telophase (ii) The genetically identical stem cells produce the cells that develop into an embryo - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 5 - 2023 - Paper 1

The correct order is: B: prophase → metaphase → anaphase → telophase. This is the standard sequence of events in the mitotic phase of cell division.

Stem cells divide and differentiate through a process known as differentiation, where they specialize into various cell types required for the development of an embryo. This process involves several stages where stem cells replicate and then commit to a specific lineage, potentially becoming muscle cells, nerve cells, etc.

One reason is that the stem cells from a sibling are more likely to be a genetic match compared to those from unrelated donors, reducing the risk of rejection.

Some people argue that isolating human embryonic stem cells raises ethical concerns regarding the moral status of the embryo, as it involves the destruction of potential life.

Using a patient's own skin cells to derive stem cells reduces the risk of immune rejection, as the body is less likely to identify them as foreign. Additionally, this approach can provide a renewable source of cells for various treatments, such as repairing damaged tissues or organs.