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The diagrams show the limbs of six organisms - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 3 - 2013 - Paper 1
Question 3
The diagrams show the limbs of six organisms. human lizard cat whale bat frog humerus ulna
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagrams show the limbs of six organisms - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 3 - 2013 - Paper 1
Step 1
Identify the similarities and differences
Answer
The limb structures of these organisms exhibit both similarities and differences. All limbs share common bone structures such as the humerus and ulna, indicating a common ancestry. However, each limb has adapted to its respective environment, showcasing variations in size and shape.
Step 2
Explain the concept of homologous structures
Answer
These limbs are examples of homologous structures, meaning they have evolved from a common ancestor and adapted for different functions. For instance, the forelimb of a human is specialized for manipulation, while a whale's fin is adapted for swimming.
Step 3
Discuss evolutionary significance
Answer
The variation among these limbs is significant in studying evolution as it demonstrates how organisms adapt to their environments over time. This comparative anatomy supports the theory of evolution, suggesting that diverse forms can arise from a single lineage.