4 (a) Which is the reason why obesity is a non-communicable disease?
A ☐ it is spread from person to person
B ☐ it is caused by a virus
C ☐ it is not spread from person to person
D ☐ it lasts for a short time
(b) Several factors affect the risk of developing cardiovascular disease - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 4 - 2023 - Paper 1
Question 4
4 (a) Which is the reason why obesity is a non-communicable disease?
A ☐ it is spread from person to person
B ☐ it is caused by a virus
C ☐ it is not spread fro... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:4 (a) Which is the reason why obesity is a non-communicable disease?
A ☐ it is spread from person to person
B ☐ it is caused by a virus
C ☐ it is not spread from person to person
D ☐ it lasts for a short time
(b) Several factors affect the risk of developing cardiovascular disease - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 4 - 2023 - Paper 1
Step 1
Which is the reason why obesity is a non-communicable disease?
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Answer
Obesity is classified as a non-communicable disease because it is not spread from person to person (Option C). It is primarily influenced by lifestyle factors, genetics, and environmental conditions.
Step 2
Explain the risk of this person developing cardiovascular disease.
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Answer
A person with a BMI of 39.0 falls into the 'obese' category. This increased body weight is associated with a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases due to factors such as increased blood pressure, elevated cholesterol levels, and higher likelihood of developing diabetes, all of which can contribute to heart disease.
Step 3
State two other treatments for cardiovascular disease.
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Answer
Medications such as statins or antihypertensives that help manage cholesterol levels and blood pressure.
Surgical interventions such as angioplasty or bypass surgery to restore proper blood flow.
Step 4
State the trend shown in the graph from 2011 to 2019.
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Answer
The percentage of people who smoked cigarettes has decreased from 2011 to 2019.
Step 5
Give two reasons for this change in the number of people smoking cigarettes.
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Answer
More smokers die than non-smokers, resulting in fewer people taking up smoking.
Increased awareness of the dangers of smoking and larger availability of smoking cessation aids, such as nicotine patches.
Step 6
Draw a line on Figure 8 to show the likely trend in the percentage of people smoking cigarettes from 2019 to 2041.
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Answer
A hypothetical downward trend line should be drawn indicating a continued decrease in the percentage of people smoking cigarettes, based on the previous trends observed from 2011 to 2019.
Step 7
Which is the description of cancer?
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Answer
Cancer is described as uncontrolled cell division (Option B), which leads to the formation of tumors and can invade other tissues in the body.
