1 (a) Figure 1 shows a pea plant with flowers - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 1
1 (a) Figure 1 shows a pea plant with flowers.
(i) Name the type of reproduction involving flowers.
(ii) What is the advantage of reproduction involving flowers?
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Worked Solution & Example Answer:1 (a) Figure 1 shows a pea plant with flowers - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
i) Name the type of reproduction involving flowers.
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Answer
The type of reproduction involving flowers is called sexual reproduction. This process typically involves the fusion of male and female gametes to produce offspring.
Step 2
ii) What is the advantage of reproduction involving flowers?
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The advantage of reproduction involving flowers is B) there is variation in the offspring. Sexual reproduction promotes genetic diversity, which can enhance the survival of a species.
Step 3
b) The seeds produced by this pea plant can be round or wrinkled. The allele for round seeds (R) is dominant to the allele for wrinkled seeds (r).
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In crossing a homozygous dominant round seeded plant (RR) with a homozygous recessive wrinkled seeded plant (rr), the Punnett square will show all offspring have the genotype Rr. The expected genotypes of the offspring will therefore be:
R | R
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r | Rr | Rr
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r | Rr | Rr
The genotypes of the offspring are all Rr (round seeds).
Step 4
ii) State the percentage of the offspring that will produce round seeds.
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Answer
All the offspring will produce round seeds since the round seed phenotype is dominant. Thus, the percentage of offspring that will produce round seeds is 100%.
Step 5
iii) Which scientist discovered the basis of genetic inheritance by crossing pea plants?
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The scientist who discovered the basis of genetic inheritance by crossing pea plants is D) Gregor Mendel.
Step 6
c) Describe how a person inherits the blood group AB.
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A person inherits the blood group AB through the combination of alleles from both parents. This occurs when one parent contributes an A allele and the other contributes a B allele. Since both alleles are codominant, they express simultaneously, resulting in the AB blood type. The presence of A and B antigens on the surface of red blood cells characterizes this blood group.
