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There are many different types of cell in the human body - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 6 - 2012 - Paper 1
Question 6
There are many different types of cell in the human body. (a) Complete the sentence by putting a cross (X) in the box next to your answer. An embryonic stem cell c... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:There are many different types of cell in the human body - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 6 - 2012 - Paper 1
Step 1
Complete the sentence by putting a cross (X) in the box next to your answer.
Answer
An embryonic stem cell can differentiate into any type of cell (A). This is a key characteristic of embryonic stem cells, as they have the potential to develop into various cell types found in the human body.
Step 2
Describe how the structure of a red blood cell is related to its function.
Answer
The structure of a red blood cell (RBC) is closely related to its function of transporting oxygen throughout the body.
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Biconcave Shape: The biconcave shape increases the surface area to volume ratio, facilitating better gas exchange.
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No Nucleus: The absence of a nucleus provides more space for hemoglobin, the protein responsible for binding oxygen, thereby enhancing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the cell.
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Flexible Structure: Their flexibility allows RBCs to squeeze through narrow capillaries, ensuring efficient blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissues.
Through these adaptations, red blood cells efficiently transport oxygen while also removing carbon dioxide from the body.
Step 3
Describe the function of platelets.
Answer
Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, play a crucial role in hemostasis, which is the process of blood clotting. Two main functions of platelets include:
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Clotting to Seal a Wound: When a blood vessel is injured, platelets quickly adhere to the site of injury, forming a temporary plug to prevent excessive bleeding.
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Release of Clotting Factors: Platelets release various chemicals that promote the formation of fibrin, creating a stable clot that helps stop bleeding and initiate the healing process.