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This question is about properties of materials - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry Combined Science - Question 7 - 2016 - Paper 1

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This question is about properties of materials. (a) Figure 6 shows some properties of steel and Kevlar®. (b) The use of nanoparticles has increased in recent years.... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:This question is about properties of materials - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry Combined Science - Question 7 - 2016 - Paper 1

Step 1

Calculate the surface area to volume ratio of this cube of silver.

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Answer

To find the surface area (SA) and volume (V) of the cube:

  1. Calculate the Surface Area: The formula for the surface area of a cube is:

    SA=6a2SA = 6a^2 where aa is the length of one side. Since a=2extcma = 2 ext{ cm}:

    SA=6(2extcm)2=6imes4extcm2=24extcm2SA = 6(2 ext{ cm})^2 = 6 imes 4 ext{ cm}^2 = 24 ext{ cm}^2

  2. Calculate the Volume: The formula for the volume of a cube is:

    V=a3V = a^3 Thus,

    V=(2extcm)3=8extcm3V = (2 ext{ cm})^3 = 8 ext{ cm}^3

  3. Calculate the Surface Area to Volume Ratio: The surface area to volume ratio is calculated as:

    ext{Ratio} = rac{SA}{V} = rac{24 ext{ cm}^2}{8 ext{ cm}^3} = 3 ext{ cm}^{-1}

Step 2

Suggest an explanation of why a given mass of silver is more effective as a catalyst when used as nanoparticles rather than in a powder form.

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Answer

Nanoparticles of silver have a significantly larger surface area compared to the volume they occupy than in powder form. This increased surface area allows for more active sites for reactions to occur. Therefore, a given mass of silver in nanoparticle form can effectively interact with reactants more frequently, leading to a higher rate of reaction. Additionally, nanoparticles can often penetrate into the reaction environment more effectively than larger powder particles, contributing to improved catalytic activity.

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