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The photograph shows a limestone cliff face - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2011 - Paper 1
Question 5
The photograph shows a limestone cliff face. (a) What is formed from limestone when it is subjected to heat and pressure? Put a cross (\) in the box next to your an... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The photograph shows a limestone cliff face - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2011 - Paper 1
Step 1
Step 2
(b) Large quantities of limestone are extracted from quarries. Give an advantage and a disadvantage, to local communities, of a nearby limestone quarry.
Answer
Advantage: The quarrying of limestone provides local employment opportunities, contributing to the economic development of the community.
Disadvantage: However, quarrying can lead to environmental degradation, such as habitat destruction and increased noise pollution, negatively affecting the quality of life for nearby residents.
Step 3
(c) Describe how limewater can be made from calcium carbonate.
Answer
To make limewater from calcium carbonate, you typically start by heating calcium carbonate to produce calcium oxide (quicklime). When calcium oxide is mixed with water, it forms calcium hydroxide, which results in limewater. The process can be summarized as:
- Heating calcium carbonate:
ightarrow ext{CaO} + ext{CO}_2$$ 2. Adding water to calcium oxide:
ightarrow ext{Ca(OH)}_2$$Step 4
(d) Describe how the limestone was originally formed and has become the cliff face shown in the photograph.
Answer
The limestone was originally formed from the accumulation of sediments, shells, and marine organisms at the bottom of ancient seas. Over very long periods, layers of sediment built up, leading to compaction and the binding of these materials under pressure. Movement of the earth's tectonic plates later caused these limestone beds to be uplifted, forming cliffs as seen in the photograph. Weathering and erosion play a significant role in shaping the cliff face and exposing the rock layers.