The names and formulae of the first three alcohols in the homologous series of alcohols are given in the table - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 1 - 2017 - Paper 1
Question 1
The names and formulae of the first three alcohols in the homologous series of alcohols are given in the table.
| name of alcohol | formula |
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Worked Solution & Example Answer:The names and formulae of the first three alcohols in the homologous series of alcohols are given in the table - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 1 - 2017 - Paper 1
Step 1
Predict the formula of a molecule of pentanol.
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Answer
Since pentanol is the fifth member of the homologous series, its formula can be derived from the general formula for alcohols, which is CₙH₂ₙ₊₂O.
For pentanol (where n=5):
C5H(2imes5)+2O=C5H12O
Thus, the predicted formula for pentanol is C₅H₁₂OH.
Step 2
Draw the structure of a molecule of ethanol, C₂H₅OH, showing all the bonds.
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Answer
The structure of ethanol can be represented as:
H H
| |
H - C - C - O - H
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H H
In this structure:
Each line represents a bond between atoms.
The molecule contains two carbon (C) atoms, five hydrogen (H) atoms, and one oxygen (O) atom.
