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The formula of a molecule of ethanol is C₂H₅OH - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 6 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 6
The formula of a molecule of ethanol is C₂H₅OH. (i) State how you know, from its formula, that ethanol is not a hydrocarbon. (ii) A dilute solution of ethanol can b... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The formula of a molecule of ethanol is C₂H₅OH - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 6 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
Step 2
(ii) A dilute solution of ethanol can be produced by the fermentation of a carbohydrate.
Answer
To produce a dilute solution of ethanol from sugar, the following steps are undertaken:
- Dissolve the sugar: Sugar (a carbohydrate) is dissolved in warm water to create a sugar solution.
- Add yeast: Yeast is introduced to the sugar solution. Yeast cells are crucial for fermentation as they convert sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide.
- Fermentation conditions: The mixture is left in a warm environment to facilitate fermentation. An airlock or a cotton wool plug can be used to allow carbon dioxide to escape while preventing contaminants from entering. After some time, ethanol will be produced in the solution.
Step 3
Step 5
(b) Name and draw the structures of some alkanes and of some alkenes.
Answer
Alkanes:
- Methane (CH₄)
- Ethane (C₂H₆)
- Propane (C₃H₈)
- Butane (C₄H₁₀)
General formula for alkanes: CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
Alkenes:
- Ethene (C₂H₄)
- Propene (C₃H₆)
General formula for alkenes: CₙH₂ₙ
Members of both homologous series differ by a CH₂ unit in their molecular formulas.