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Pure metals are often converted into more useful alloys - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 7 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 7
Pure metals are often converted into more useful alloys. For example, aluminium is converted into an alloy used in aircraft, iron is converted into an alloy used in ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Pure metals are often converted into more useful alloys - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 7 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
Explain how alloying changes these pure metals to make the alloys more suitable for the given uses.
Answer
Alloying is the process of combining two or more elements, typically metals, to create a material with enhanced properties suited for specific applications. This process alters the structure and characteristics of the base metals, leading to improvements in various physical properties.
Changing Malleability and Strength
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Increased Strength: When metals such as aluminium or iron are alloyed with other elements, their structural integrity often improves, making them stronger and more durable. For instance, an aluminium alloy can be made stronger by adding elements like copper or magnesium, which provides a better strength-to-weight ratio crucial in applications like aircraft manufacturing.
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Adjusting Malleability: The malleability of metals can also be adjusted through alloying. Although pure metals like aluminium are easy to bend, alloying can enhance their hardness and overall mechanical properties, allowing for effective shaping during manufacturing while maintaining strength.
Corrosion Resistance
- Improved Corrosion Resistance: Alloys can exhibit superior resistance to corrosion compared to their pure metal counterparts. For example, when iron is alloyed to make stainless steel, it becomes less susceptible to rust and corrosion, which is critical in applications such as cutlery and kitchen appliances.
Wear Resistance
- Increased Wear Resistance: Alloys like gold can be hardened by incorporating other metals. This not only enhances their mechanical properties but also increases their durability under wear and tear, making them suitable for use in jewellery where longevity is desired.
Aesthetics and Other Features
- Enhanced Aesthetics: In jewelry, alloying gold with metals such as copper or silver can alter its color and sheen, providing a range of aesthetic options while maintaining desirable properties like strength and ductility.
Through these processes, alloying significantly optimizes the properties of pure metals, making them more suitable for specific industrial, commercial, and decorative uses.