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Hydrogen reacts with chlorine to form hydrogen chloride - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 4
Hydrogen reacts with chlorine to form hydrogen chloride. The symbol — is used to show a covalent bond. The electronic configuration of hydrogen is 1. The electroni... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Hydrogen reacts with chlorine to form hydrogen chloride - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
Draw the dot-and-cross diagram for the molecule of hydrogen chloride.
Answer
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Identify the outer electrons:
- Hydrogen has 1 outer electron.
- Chlorine has 7 outer electrons.
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Represent the hydrogen atom:
- Use a dot or cross to indicate the single electron from hydrogen.
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Represent the chlorine atom:
- Use dots to represent the 7 outer electrons from chlorine.
- One of these dots will bond with the electron from hydrogen.
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Illustrate the shared electron:
- In the diagram, represent the covalent bond by using a dot from chlorine and a cross from hydrogen to show they share an electron.
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Finalize the diagram:
- Draw the atoms H and Cl.
- Place the shared electrons symbolically between them.
The final dot-and-cross diagram for hydrogen chloride (HCl) should clearly show one shared pair of electrons between the H and Cl, with the remaining outer electrons of Cl represented as dots around the Cl atom.