Chlorine is toxic - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 5
Chlorine is toxic.
State one safety precaution that should be taken when using chlorine in the laboratory.
(b) Chlorine reacts with hydrogen to form hydrogen chlor... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Chlorine is toxic - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
State one safety precaution that should be taken when using chlorine in the laboratory.
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Answer
One safety precaution that should be taken when using chlorine in the laboratory is to use a fume cupboard or fume hood to provide adequate ventilation and prevent exposure to toxic fumes.
Step 2
Write the word equation for this reaction.
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Answer
Hydrogen + Chlorine → Hydrogen Chloride
Step 3
State what is seen when blue litmus paper is placed into this solution.
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Answer
The blue litmus paper turns red when placed in the solution.
Step 4
Complete the dot and cross diagram of a molecule of hydrogen chloride. Show outer shell electrons only.
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Answer
The dot and cross diagram for hydrogen chloride shows one hydrogen atom (H) and one chlorine atom (Cl), where the chlorine has 6 outer shell electrons represented as dots and hydrogen has 1 outer shell electron represented as a cross.
Step 5
Name the type of bonding in a molecule of hydrogen chloride.
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Answer
The type of bonding in a molecule of hydrogen chloride is covalent bonding.
Step 6
Give a reason why this reaction occurs.
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The reaction occurs because chlorine is a more reactive halogen than bromine, allowing it to displace bromine from its compound.
Step 7
State what would happen to the lamp when glucose solution is tested.
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Answer
The lamp would not light up when glucose solution is tested, as glucose is a non-electrolyte and does not conduct electricity.
Step 8
State what would happen to the lamp when sodium chloride solution is tested.
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The lamp would light up when sodium chloride solution is tested, as sodium chloride is an ionic compound that dissociates into ions and conducts electricity.
Step 9
Describe how the conductivity of this solution changes as its concentration increases from 0 to 500 g dm⁻³.
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As the concentration of the solution increases from 0 to 500 g dm⁻³, the conductivity initially increases because more ions are available to carry the electric current. However, after a certain point, the conductivity may decrease due to saturation, where there are too many solutes, leading to reduced mobility of ions.
