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Hydrogen reacts with chlorine to form hydrogen chloride - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 4
Hydrogen reacts with chlorine to form hydrogen chloride. The symbol \( - \) is used to show a covalent bond. The electronic configuration of hydrogen is 1. The ele... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Hydrogen reacts with chlorine to form hydrogen chloride - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
Draw the dot-and-cross diagram for hydrogen chloride
Answer
To represent the covalent bond in hydrogen chloride (HCl), we need to show the electrons involved in the bond using dots and crosses.
-
Identify the Outer Electrons:
- Hydrogen (H) has 1 outer electron, represented as a dot (•).
- Chlorine (Cl) has 7 outer electrons. We will represent these as crosses (×).
-
Arrange the Atoms:
- Place H next to Cl, as they are forming a bond.
-
Show the Bond Formation:
- Draw the following:
- H: •
- Cl: ×××××××
- Draw the following:
-
Create the Covalent Bond:
- Share the hydrogen's dot with one of the chlorine's crosses to represent the covalent bond.
-
Final Diagram:
• ×××××××
H — Cl
In the final diagram:
- The hydrogen is shown with its single outer electron (dot).
- The chlorine shows its outer electrons (crosses), now including the shared electron.
- This representation clearly indicates the covalent bond formed between hydrogen and chlorine.