Most metals are extracted from rocks found in the Earth's crust - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 4 - 2017 - Paper 1
Question 4
Most metals are extracted from rocks found in the Earth's crust.
(i) Iron is extracted from iron oxide.
The iron oxide, Fe2O3, is heated with carbon.
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Worked Solution & Example Answer:Most metals are extracted from rocks found in the Earth's crust - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 4 - 2017 - Paper 1
Step 1
Complete the balancing of the equation for this reaction by putting numbers in the spaces provided.
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Answer
The balanced equation is: 2Fe2O3+3C→4Fe+3CO2
Step 2
Complete the sentence by putting a cross (✓) in the box next to your answer.
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Answer
The correct option is D: carbon is oxidised and iron oxide is reduced.
This is because carbon donates electrons to iron oxide during the reaction.
Step 3
Use the information in the table to explain why gold alloys, rather than pure gold, are often used in items of jewellery.
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Answer
Gold alloys, such as 18-carat gold, are preferred over pure gold due to their enhanced strength and durability. While 24-carat gold is pure gold, it is noticeably softer and more prone to damage. This makes alloys more practical for items of jewellery that need to withstand daily wear and tear.
Step 4
Suggest the method used to extract sodium from its ore.
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Answer
The method used to extract sodium from its ore is electrolysis.
Step 5
Explain why this method has to be used.
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Answer
Electrolysis is necessary for extracting sodium because sodium is very reactive and cannot be reduced using carbon. The highly reactive nature of sodium means it must be processed in an environment free from other reducing agents.
Step 6
Explain what is meant by a shape memory alloy.
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Answer
A shape memory alloy is a type of metal that can 'remember' its original shape. When deformed, it will return to its preset shape upon heating. This property allows it to be useful in applications such as stents in medical surgery.
