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10 (a) Atoms, molecules, nanoparticles and protons are types of particle - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 10 - 2023 - Paper 2

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10 (a) Atoms, molecules, nanoparticles and protons are types of particle. List these four types of particle in order of size from smallest to largest. (b) Nanoparti... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:10 (a) Atoms, molecules, nanoparticles and protons are types of particle - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 10 - 2023 - Paper 2

Step 1

List these four types of particle in order of size from smallest to largest.

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Answer

The order of particle sizes from smallest to largest is:

  1. Protons
  2. Atoms
  3. Molecules
  4. Nanoparticles

Step 2

What is 90nm in metres?

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Answer

To convert nanometres to metres:

  • 1 nm = 1imes10−91 imes 10^{-9} m, so:
  • 90 nm = 90imes10−990 imes 10^{-9} m = 9.0imes10−89.0 imes 10^{-8} m. Thus, the correct answer is C. 9.0 x 10⁸.

Step 3

Calculate the simplest surface area to volume ratio for the nanoparticle in Figure 19.

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Answer

For a cube-shaped nanoparticle with side length s=90extnms = 90 ext{ nm}:

  1. Volume (V) = s3s^3: V=(90imes10−9)3=7.29imes10−13extm3V = (90 imes 10^{-9})^3 = 7.29 imes 10^{-13} ext{ m}^3

  2. Surface Area (SA) = 6s26s^2: SA=6(90imes10−9)2=4.86imes10−13extm2SA = 6(90 imes 10^{-9})^2 = 4.86 imes 10^{-13} ext{ m}^2

  3. Surface Area to Volume Ratio (SA:V): ext{Ratio} = rac{SA}{V} = rac{4.86 imes 10^{-13}}{7.29 imes 10^{-13}} = 0.6667 ext{ m}^{-1}

Thus, the simplest surface area to volume ratio for the nanoparticle is approximately 0.67 m⁻¹.

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