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Butene reacts with steam to produce butanol - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 5
Butene reacts with steam to produce butanol. C₄H₈ + H₂O → C₄H₉OH (i) Calculate the maximum mass of butanol, C₄H₉OH, that can be produced when 1.4 kg of butene, C₄H... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Butene reacts with steam to produce butanol - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
Calculate the maximum mass of butanol, C₄H₉OH, that can be produced when 1.4 kg of butene, C₄H₈, reacts with excess steam.
Answer
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Molar Mass Calculation:
- Molar mass of butene (C₄H₈) = 56 g/mol.
- Molar mass of butanol (C₄H₉OH) = 60 g/mol.
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Convert Mass to Moles:
- Convert 1.4 kg of butene to grams: 1.4 kg = 1400 g.
- Moles of butene = ( \frac{1400 g}{56 g/mol} = 25 \text{ mol} ).
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Reaction Stoichiometry:
- The reaction is 1:1, meaning 1 mole of butene produces 1 mole of butanol.
- Therefore, 25 moles of butene will produce 25 moles of butanol.
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Convert Moles of Butanol to Mass:
- Mass of butanol = moles × molar mass = ( 25 \text{ mol} \times 60 g/mol = 1500 g = 1.5 kg ).
Thus, the maximum mass of butanol produced is 1.5 kg.
Step 2
Step 3
Using the results, comment on the structures of the hydrocarbons X, Y and Z.
Answer
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Hydrocarbon X:
- X turns colourless when shaken with bromine, indicating that it is an unsaturated hydrocarbon (most likely an alkene). This suggests the presence of a double bond.
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Hydrocarbon Y:
- Y also turns colourless, which further confirms that Y is an unsaturated hydrocarbon (probably another alkene).
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Hydrocarbon Z:
- Z does not change colour; it remains orange, indicating it is a saturated hydrocarbon (most likely an alkane) and does not react with bromine.