The table shows the number of electrons, neutrons and protons in particles P, Q, R, S, T and V. particle electrons number of protons P 1 0 1 Q 3 3 3 R 8 8 14 S 13 16 16 T 18 16 16 V 18 20 20 (i) Which particle is a negatively charged ion? Put a cross (X) in the box next to your answer. A P B S C T D V (ii) Which particles are atoms of metals? Put a cross (X) in the box next to your answer. A P and Q B Q and R C Q and S and V. D Q, S and V. Each element has an atomic number. (i) State what is meant by atomic number. (ii) The atomic number of boron is 5. Boron exists as two isotopes boron-10 and boron-11. Use this information to explain why boron-10 and boron-11 are isotopes. (c) (i) Explain what is meant by the term relative atomic mass. (ii) A sample of boron contains 19.7% of boron-10. 80.3% of boron-11. Use this information to calculate the relative atomic mass of boron.

GCSE Edexcel Chemistry Relative atomic mass: The table shows the number of el

The table shows the number of electrons, neutrons and protons in particles P, Q, R, S, T and V - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 4 - 2013 - Paper 1

Question 4

The table shows the number of electrons, neutrons and protons in particles P, Q, R, S, T and V. particle electrons number of protons P 1 0 1 Q 3 3 3 R 8 8 14 S 13 ... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The table shows the number of electrons, neutrons and protons in particles P, Q, R, S, T and V - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 4 - 2013 - Paper 1

Step 1

Which particle is a negatively charged ion?

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Answer

A negatively charged ion is defined as an atom or molecule that has gained one or more electrons, resulting in a net negative charge. In the provided table, particle P has 1 electron and 1 proton, leading to an overall negative charge since it has fewer protons than electrons. Therefore, the answer is:

Answer: A P

Step 2

Which particles are atoms of metals?

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Answer

Atoms of metals are typically characterized by having fewer electrons in their outer shell and possessing the ability to lose electrons. In the provided table, particles Q and R, which have 3 and 8 protons respectively, qualify as metals. Hence, the correct choice is:

Answer: B Q and R

Step 3

State what is meant by atomic number.

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Answer

The atomic number is defined as the number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom. It uniquely identifies an element and determines its position in the periodic table.

Step 4

Use this information to explain why boron-10 and boron-11 are isotopes.

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Answer

Boron-10 and boron-11 are isotopes as they have the same atomic number (5 protons) but different mass numbers due to differing numbers of neutrons. Boron-10 contains 5 neutrons, while boron-11 contains 6 neutrons.

Step 5

Explain what is meant by the term relative atomic mass.

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Answer

The relative atomic mass is the weighted average mass of an element’s isotopes compared to 1/12th of the mass of carbon-12. It accounts for the abundance of each isotope in a naturally occurring sample.

Step 6

Use this information to calculate the relative atomic mass of boron.

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Answer

To calculate the relative atomic mass of boron, we use the following formula:

$ext{Relative Atomic Mass} = rac{(19.7 imes 10) + (80.3 imes 11)}{100}$

This results in:

$19.7 + 883.3 = 903$
Therefore, dividing by 100 gives us:
Relative Atomic Mass = $9.03$ The relative atomic mass of boron is approximately 10.81.

The table shows the number of electrons, neutrons and protons in particles P, Q, R, S, T and V - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 4 - 2013 - Paper 1

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The table shows the number of electrons, neutrons and protons in particles P, Q, R, S, T and V - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 4 - 2013 - Paper 1

Which particle is a negatively charged ion?

Which particles are atoms of metals?

State what is meant by atomic number.

Use this information to explain why boron-10 and boron-11 are isotopes.

Explain what is meant by the term relative atomic mass.

Use this information to calculate the relative atomic mass of boron.

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