The diagram shows the structure of diamond - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2014 - Paper 1
Question 5
The diagram shows the structure of diamond.
(i) Describe what each ● represents.
(ii) State the type of bonding in the diamond structure.
(b) Give the name of the... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram shows the structure of diamond - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2014 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe what each ● represents.
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Answer
The● represents a carbon atom in the diamond structure. Each carbon atom is bonded to four other carbon atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement, which contributes to the rigidity and strength of the diamond.
Step 2
State the type of bonding in the diamond structure.
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Answer
The type of bonding in the diamond structure is covalent bonding. Each carbon atom forms strong covalent bonds with four neighboring carbon atoms.
Step 3
Give the name of the process used to obtain oxygen from liquid air.
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Answer
The process used to obtain oxygen from liquid air is fractional distillation.
Step 4
What is the Rf value of this dye?
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Answer
To calculate the Rf value, use the formula:
Rf=distancemovedbysolventdistancemovedbydye
In this case, the dye moved 2 cm and the solvent moved 8 cm, therefore:
Rf=8cm2cm=0.25
So, the correct answer is A (0.25).
Step 5
Describe how the reaction can be carried out, including an explanation of what happens to the magnesium and oxygen atoms when they form magnesium oxide.
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Answer
To carry out the reaction, magnesium ribbon can be ignited in the presence of oxygen. Here are the steps:
Preparing the Reaction: Place the magnesium ribbon in a combustion dish and set up a Bunsen burner. Ensure that oxygen is available, either by using a pure oxygen source or by using air.
Ignition: Use a lighter or match to ignite the magnesium ribbon. Once ignited, it burns brightly with a white flame and produces magnesium oxide.
Chemical Reaction: The reaction can be represented as follows:
2Mg(s)+O2(g)→2MgO(s)
This shows that two magnesium atoms react with one molecule of oxygen to form two units of magnesium oxide.
Bonding Explanation: During the reaction, each magnesium atom transfers its two outer electrons to an oxygen atom. This results in the formation of magnesium ions (Mg²⁺) and oxide ions (O²⁻). The magnesium ions and oxide ions are attracted to each other due to electrostatic forces, forming ionic bonds and thus magnesium oxide.
