Gases, petrol, kerosene, diesel oil, fuel oil and bitumen are the fractions obtained from crude oil by fractional distillation - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2013 - Paper 1
Question 3
Gases, petrol, kerosene, diesel oil, fuel oil and bitumen are the fractions obtained from crude oil by fractional distillation.
Identify the fraction described in e... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Gases, petrol, kerosene, diesel oil, fuel oil and bitumen are the fractions obtained from crude oil by fractional distillation - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2013 - Paper 1
Step 1
Identify the fraction described: (i) This fraction is more difficult to ignite than most other fractions and is used as a fuel in large ships.
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Answer
The fraction used as a fuel in large ships and is more difficult to ignite is known as fuel oil.
Step 2
Identify the fraction described: (ii) This fraction is obtained from the top of the fractionating column.
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Answer
The fraction obtained from the top of the fractionating column is known as gases.
Step 3
Identify the fraction described: (iii) This fraction has a higher boiling point than kerosene and is used as a fuel for some cars.
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Answer
The fraction with a higher boiling point than kerosene used as fuel for some cars is known as diesel oil.
Step 4
Which of these cannot be a product of burning hydrocarbon fuels?
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Answer
The option that cannot be a product of burning hydrocarbon fuels is A (carbon).
Step 5
Balance this equation for the incomplete combustion of methane by putting numbers in the spaces provided: 2CH₄ + ______ O₂ → ______ CO + ______ H₂O
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Answer
The balanced equation for the incomplete combustion of methane is:
2CH4+3O2→2CO+4H2O
Step 6
Explain how carbon monoxide can cause death.
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Carbon monoxide (CO) is a toxic gas that can combine with haemoglobin in red blood cells to form carboxyhaemoglobin. This process prevents haemoglobin from carrying oxygen, thereby leading to a lack of oxygen supply to the brain and cells, which can be fatal.
Step 7
Explain a problem caused by growing plants to produce biofuels.
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Answer
Growing plants for biofuels can lead to less food produced because land and resources that could be used for food crops are instead used for biofuel production. This can create competition for resources, increasing food prices and potentially leading to food shortages.
