‘...no animal must ever tyrannize over his own kind - Edexcel - GCSE English Literature - Question 16 - 2020 - Paper 1

In George Orwell's Animal Farm, power emerges as a central theme that highlights the struggles and consequences of governance on the farm. The dynamics of power determine who controls the farm and how the animals live under varying regimes.

Old Major's Ideals

Old Major, in his speech, stresses the importance of unity among all animals against their oppressors, primarily Mr. Jones. His advocacy for equality is encapsulated in the mantra "All animals are equal." This notion sets the stage for the Rebellion, as the animals aspire to establish a society free from tyranny.

The Rise of Napoleon

After the Rebellion, power swiftly shifts when Napoleon and Snowball vie for leadership. Napoleon's manipulation tactics, including the use of propaganda via Squealer, allow him to consolidate power and eliminate opposition. This is evident when he drives Snowball away, portraying him as a traitor to justify his own authoritarian rule. Napoleon’s leadership exemplifies the corrupting influence of power, as he prioritizes personal gain over the collective welfare of the animals.

Deterioration of Animal Welfare

As Napoleon's reign continues, the initial promises of equality dissolve. The lives of the animals worsen under his dictatorship; the farm’s conditions deteriorate, and hunger becomes rampant. This shift reflects the betrayal of Old Major's vision, illustrating how power can lead to exploitation and oppression.

Historical Parallels

Orwell's narrative not only critiques the governance on the farm but also draws parallels to historical events, particularly the Russian Revolution. The animals symbolize the exploited classes under Tsar Nicholas II, showcasing how those in power can undermine ideals for personal gain. The failure of the Rebellion mirrors the disillusionment faced during the rise of totalitarian regimes in history, emphasizing that the struggle against oppression is cyclical.

In conclusion, Animal Farm power signifies the shift from hopeful beginnings to a brutal regime that exploits its citizens. The journey from equality to tyranny serves as a warning about the potential for power to corrupt and the fragility of freedom.