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Explain why the feudal army declined in importance in the years c1250–c1500 - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 4 - 2023 - Paper 1
Question 4
Explain why the feudal army declined in importance in the years c1250–c1500. You may use the following in your answer: - mercenaries - gunpowder You must also use ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain why the feudal army declined in importance in the years c1250–c1500 - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 4 - 2023 - Paper 1
Step 1
Mercenaries
Answer
The rise of mercenaries played a crucial role in the decline of the feudal army. Nobles increasingly relied on hired soldiers instead of local vassals. Mercenaries provided a professional, disciplined force that could be utilized for specific campaigns, reducing the need for feudal levies. This shift diminished the power and relevance of local lords who traditionally commanded these feudal forces.
Step 2
Gunpowder
Answer
The introduction of gunpowder changed military tactics significantly. As gunpowder weapons, such as cannons and firearms, became more prevalent, the armored knight and traditional cavalry became less effective. The heavy armor that characterized the feudal knight was not as useful against cannon fire, leading to a reevaluation of combat strategies and a transition towards infantry-based armies supported by artillery.
Step 3
Decline of the Mounted Knight
Answer
The battle tactics evolved as the mounted knight's effectiveness waned, particularly evidenced during conflicts in Wales, Scotland, and France. This decline was exacerbated by the realization that infantry could be similarly equipped and trained to face and even overcome cavalry charges. As armies adapted to these changes, the necessity for the traditional feudal army diminished sharply.