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'The role played by the commander was the most important factor affecting the outcome of a battle in the years c1250-c1500.' How far do you agree? Explain your answer - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 5 - 2022 - Paper 1
Question 5
'The role played by the commander was the most important factor affecting the outcome of a battle in the years c1250-c1500.' How far do you agree? Explain your answ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:'The role played by the commander was the most important factor affecting the outcome of a battle in the years c1250-c1500.' How far do you agree? Explain your answer - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 5 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
How far do you agree? Explain your answer.
Answer
To evaluate the statement regarding the role of the commander as the most important factor in the outcome of battles from 1250 to 1500, we must consider various elements that influenced these conflicts.
Importance of Commanders
First, it is undeniable that commanders played a crucial role in shaping the strategies and decisions during battles. For instance, Edward I was known for his effective leadership during the conquest of Wales and his military acumen at battles like Falkirk. His ability to inspire troops and implement cohesive strategies often led to significant victories.
The Role of Technology: The Longbow
However, the emergence of the longbow as a military technology drastically transformed battle dynamics. Its accuracy and range allowed armies like that of the English under Edward III during the Hundred Years' War to defeat numerically superior foes at battles such as Crécy and Poitiers. This indicates that while commanding was essential, advancements in weaponry also significantly impacted outcomes.
Other Influencing Factors
Aside from commanders and technology, there were other determinative aspects. The morale and organization of troops, intelligence regarding enemy movements, and even factors like terrain and weather conditions could sway the course of battles. Camps or supplies could affect the fighting capacity of an army, as evidenced during the siege of Agincourt, where the English secured a crucial victory despite being outnumbered.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while the role of the commander is undeniably critical, it is reductive to declare it the most important factor without acknowledging the significant contributions of technological advances like the longbow and other contextual influences. A nuanced view recognizing the interplay of these factors presents a more balanced understanding of battle outcomes in this historical period.