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'There were significant changes in the composition of the army in the years c1500–c1700.' How far do you agree? Explain your answer - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 5 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 5
'There were significant changes in the composition of the army in the years c1500–c1700.' How far do you agree? Explain your answer. You may use the following in yo... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:'There were significant changes in the composition of the army in the years c1500–c1700.' How far do you agree? Explain your answer - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 5 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
Evaluate the significance of the New Model Army
Answer
The New Model Army, established in 1645, was a key development in the composition of the English army. It represented a shift from feudal levies to a professional, disciplined force. This change not only increased efficiency in military engagements but also indicated a move towards a centralized military command under Parliament. The inclusion of paid soldiers rather than temporary conscripts allowed for better training and loyalty to the state rather than individual lords.
Step 2
Discuss the role of cavalry in the army
Answer
The cavalry, which had historically been a dominant force in warfare, evolved during this period. While its role remained significant, the emergence of firearms began to diminish the traditional advantages of cavalry units. Cavalry tactics adapted to support infantry formations, and their composition changed as they became more reliant on firearms, blending old and new military practices.
Step 3
Analyze additional changes in the army composition
Answer
Beyond the New Model Army and cavalry, there were changes in recruitment and training methodologies. The creation of standing armies and reliance on professional soldiers marked a significant transformation from ad hoc military assemblies. Moreover, advancements in weaponry and tactics, such as the use of pike and shot formations, changed the way armies were structured and operated on the battlefield.
Step 4
Conclusion
Answer
In conclusion, the period from c1500 to c1700 saw substantial changes in the composition of the army. The establishment of the New Model Army, the evolution of cavalry tactics, and the shift towards professional soldiers all illustrate these significant transformations. These developments not only reflected changes in military needs but also indicated broader social and political changes occurring in England at the time.