Explain one way in which the treatment of young criminals in the years c1700–c1900 was different from the treatment of young criminals in the years c1900–present. - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 1

One significant way in which the treatment of young criminals differed between these two periods is the approach to rehabilitation versus punishment.

In the years c1700–c1900, young criminals were often treated harshly, facing severe punishments such as transportation, hard labor, or incarceration in adult prisons. The focus was predominantly on punishment, with little emphasis on rehabilitation. Many young offenders were placed in harsh conditions that did not allow for personal development or reform.

Conversely, from c1900 to the present, there has been a notable shift towards a rehabilitative approach. The introduction of juvenile courts and specialized youth programs highlights a growing recognition that young individuals are capable of reforming their behaviors. Preventative measures and social services have been prioritized, aiming to support young offenders through education and psychological intervention rather than merely punishing them. This approach reflects a broader understanding of adolescent development and the importance of guiding young people towards becoming constructive members of society.