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Explain why the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was able to consolidate its hold on power in the years 1951–52 - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 2
Explain why the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was able to consolidate its hold on power in the years 1951–52. You may use the following in your answer: - People’s ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain why the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was able to consolidate its hold on power in the years 1951–52 - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
People’s Liberation Army (PLA)
Answer
The People's Liberation Army (PLA) played a crucial role in consolidating the power of the CCP. Following the civil war, the PLA effectively eliminated opposition forces, allowing the CCP to establish control over the military and the state. The PLA's military successes were instrumental in fostering an atmosphere of fear among potential dissenters. Furthermore, the PLA not only secured territory but also implemented land reforms that aimed to redistribute land from landlords to peasants, garnering widespread support for the CCP amongst rural populations.
Step 2
the three antis’ movement
Answer
The three antis’ movement, launched in 1951, targeted corruption, waste, and bureaucracy within the party and government. This campaign served to eliminate internal dissent and reinforce the ideological commitment to the party’s agenda. By publicly denouncing corruption and inefficiency, the CCP aimed to build a clean image and strengthen its legitimacy among the populace. This created an environment where dissent was not only discouraged but could attract severe penalties, further solidifying the party's control.
Step 3
Additional Information
Answer
In addition to the aforementioned strategies, the CCP's ability to consolidate power was enhanced by effective propaganda campaigns that promoted its achievements. During the transitional period post-1949, the CCP portrayed itself as the liberator of the Chinese people, highlighting the benefits of its governance. Moreover, by establishing control over the economy through collectivization initiatives, the CCP deterred potential uprisings by ensuring a more equitable distribution of resources. The strategic combination of military strength, anti-corruption campaigns, and propaganda significantly aided the CCP in solidifying its regime between 1951 and 1952.